Table 3.

Results for the combined model (Model 9a).

Path Label and Direct Effect	Unst.	SE		St.
A. H. Ch. CO (W1) →H. TGB (W2)	.35**	.11		.22
A. H. Am. CO (W1) → H. TGB (W2)	−.07	.13		−.03
B. H. TGB (W2) → H. Warmth (W2)	−.38**	.11		−.24
B. H. TGB (W2) → H. Hostility (W2)	.38**	.12		.28
C. H. Warmth (W2) → W. Mattering (W3)	.32**	.10		.24
C. H. Hostility (W2) → W. Mattering (W3)	.06	.12		.04
C. H. Warmth (W2) →W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	−.04	.03		−.12
C. H. Hostility (W2) → W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	.04	.04		.10
D. H. Ch. CO (W1) → H. Warmth (W2)	.35*	.17		.14
D. H. Am. CO (W1) → H. Warmth (W2)	.47*	.18		.18
D. H. Ch. CO (W1) → H. Hostility (W2)	−.09	.14		−.04
D. H. Am. CO (W1) → H. Hostility (W2)	−.06	.18		−.03
E. H. TGB (W2) → W. Mattering (W3)	.07	.15		.03
E. H. TGB (W2) → W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	−.04	.04		−.07
F. H. Ch. CO (W1) → W. Mattering (W3)	.31	.21		.09
F. H. Am. CO (W1) → W. Mattering (W3)	−.17	.23		−.05
F. H. Ch. CO (W1) → W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	.02	.06		.02
F. H. Am. CO (W1) → W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	−.01	.06		−.02

Indirect Effects	Unst. [95% CI]
H. Ch. CO (W1) → H. TGB (W2) → H. Warmth (W2) → W. Mattering (W3)	−.042* [−.099, −.008]
H. Ch. CO (W1) → H. TGB (W2) → H. Hostility (W2) → W. Mattering (W3)	.007 [−.023, .049]
H. Ch. CO (W1) → H. TGB (W2) → H. Warmth (W2) → W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	.006 [−.002, .016]
H. Ch. CO (W1) → H. TGB (W2) → H. Hostility (W2) → W. Dep. Symptoms (W3)	.006 [−.004, .022]

Note. Bolded path letters A through F align with labeling in Figure 1. Model fit statistics and indirect effects are presented below the direct effects. H. = Husband, W. = Wife, Ch. CO = Chinese Cultural Orientation, Am. CO = American Cultural Orientation, Dep. = Depressive, TGB = Traditional Gender Beliefs, Unst. = Unstandardized Estimate, SE = Standard Error, St. = Standardized Estimate, CI = Confidence Interval. For direct effects:

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01.

For indirect effects: * = significant to 95% confidence interval.