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. 2026 Feb 12;17:1751207. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1751207

Table 6.

Hypothesis testing.

Hypotheses Relationship B Std. dev T statistics P-value LLCI ULCI Results
Direct effect
H1 DL → WE 0.346 0.049 7.105 0.000 0.250 0.439 Supported
H2 DL → DSE 0.429 0.041 10.507 0.000 0.349 0.512 Supported
H3 DSE → WE 0.369 0.045 8.186 0.000 0.283 0.459 Supported
Mediation effect
H4 DL → DSE → WE 0.158 0.025 6.346 0.000 0.114 0.212 Supported
Moderation effect
H5 TS × DL → DSE −0.186 0.036 5.126 0.000 −0.257 −0.113 Supported