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. 2026 Feb 12;17:1744734. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1744734

Figure 2.

Panel A displays a transparent pink sphere intersecting a purple plane with black dashed lines connecting points inside and outside the sphere, illustrating geometric relationships. The Panel A examines the problem of the circumscribing sphere of a triangular pyramid. Panel B shows a three dimensional cube with two colored triangular planes inside, one yellow and one teal, highlighting spatial relationships within the cube. Panel B presents the proof of the parallel relationship between planes. Panel C presents another cube containing a single yellow quadrilateral plane and red and black diagonals, focusing on planar geometry in three dimensions. Panel C investigates the angle between a straight line and a plane. Panel D features a cone with a circular base outlined in black, two colored sides, and connecting dashed edges, demonstrating basic solid geometry. Panel D establishes the perpendicular relationship between a line and a plane.

Teaching courseware designed based on the GeoGebra software. Part (A) explores the problem of the circumscribing sphere of a triangular pyramid. Part (B) explores the proof of the parallel relationship between planes. Part (C) is used to investigate the angle between a straight line and a plane. Part (D) is used to prove the perpendicular relationship between a line and a plane.