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. 2026 Feb 15;13(2):229. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering13020229
NP neck pain
YLD years lived with disability
ROM range of motion
HA headache
DDD degenerative disc disease
CBP® Chiropractic BioPhysics®
ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
PT physical therapy
PRO patient-reported outcome
NRS numeric rating scale
NDI neck disability index
MI Mirror Image®
NLC neutral lateral cervical
C2-C7 second through seventh cervical vertebrae
IRB institutional review board
PROM patient-reported outcome measure
MCID minimal clinically important difference
CI confidence interval
° degree
mm millimeter
ADL activities of daily living
HPTM Harrison posterior tangent method
ARA absolute rotation angle
ADH anterior disc height
PDH posterior disc height
MAD mean absolute deviation
T,R Translation, Rotation
x,y,z x-, y-, z-axes
H,T,P Head, Thorax, Pelvis
EHR electronic health records
P-A posterior-to-anterior
CNS central nervous system
DV dependent variables
IVi independent variables
εi the idiosyncratic error term
βi average effect
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
CT computed tomography
US United States