AKT	Protein kinase B
APCs	Antigen-presenting cells
CD36	Cluster of differentiation 36
CKD	Chronic kidney disease
CRBP1	Cellular retinol binding protein 1
CVD	Cardiovascular diseases
GH	Growth hormone
GLUT4	Glucose transporter 4
eGFR	Estimated glomerular filtration rate
JAK2	Janus kinase 2
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
MASLD	Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
mTOR	Mechanistic target of rapamycin
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PTHrP	Parathyroid hormone-related protein
RBP4	Retinol binding protein 4
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α	Tumour necrosis factor-alpha
TTR	Transthyretin
TSH	Thyroid-stimulating hormone
T3	Hormone triiodothyronine
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
STRA6	Signalling receptor and transporter of retinol 6