AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
AMD	Age-related macular degeneration
ATGL	Adipose triglyceride lipase
CRP	C-reactive protein
FFM	Fat-free mass
FoxO3a	Forkhead box O3a
GSK3β	Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta
HSL	Hormone-sensitive lipase
MASTERS	Metformin to augment strength training effective response in seniors
MET	Metformin
mTORC1	Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
MPCs	Muscle progenitor cells
MuRF1	Muscle RING finger protein-1
NA	Not applicable
NS	Not significant
PD	Parkinson’s disease
Pos	Positive effect
Neg	Negative effect
SASP	Senescence-associated secretory phenotype
SCFA	Short-chain fatty acid
T2DM	Type 2 diabetes mellitus
TAME	Targeting aging with metformin