AF	Atrial fibrillation
AHF	Acute heart failure
BCAA	Branched-chain amino acid
BNP	Brain natriuretic peptide
CKD	Chronic kidney disease
CRP	C-reactive protein
CVD	Cardiovascular disease
eGFR	Estimated glomerular filtration rate
fCAD	Functionally relevant coronary artery disease
FMO3	Flavin monooxygenase 3
HF	Heart failure
HFpEF	Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
LV	Left ventricular
LVEF	Left ventricular ejection fraction
MACE	Major adverse cardiovascular events
NT-proBNP	N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide
PAD	Peripheral artery disease
RCT	Randomized controlled trial
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
T2D	Type 2 diabetes
TMA	Trimethylamine
TMAO	Trimethylamine N-oxide