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. 2026 Feb 10;18(4):574. doi: 10.3390/cancers18040574
PDAC Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
FUS Focused ultrasound
HIFU High-intensity focused ultrasound
pHIFU Pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound
LIFU Low-intensity focused ultrasound
US Ultrasound
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
MRIgFUS Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound
EUS Endoscopic ultrasound
EUS-FUS Endoscopic ultrasound-guided focused ultrasound
CT Computed tomography
TME Tumor microenvironment
ICD Immunogenic cell death
TAA Tumor-associated antigen
DAMP Damage-associated molecular pattern
IRE Irreversible electroporation
RFA Radiofrequency ablation
MWA Microwave ablation
SBRT Stereotactic body radiation therapy
GEMM Genetically engineered mouse model
ISPPA Spatial peak pulse average intensity
MPa Megapascal
ROS Reactive oxygen species
PD-1 Programmed cell death protein-1
PD-L1 Programmed death-ligand 1
CTLA-4 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4