| mSPM | Microscopic positive surgical margin |
| FGS | Fluorescence-guided surgery |
| NIR | Near-infrared |
| PTC | Papillary thyroid carcinoma |
| ATC | Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma |
| ATCC | American Type Culture Collection |
| FBS | Fetal bovine serum |
| SOI | Surgical orthotopic implantation |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| CCK-8 | Cell Counting Kit-8 |
| OATP | Organic anion transporter peptide |
| BSP | Bromsulphthalein |
| BSA | Bovine serum albumin |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| mFI | Mean fluorescence intensities |
| TBR | Tumor-to-background ratio |
| H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin |
| CI | Confidence intervals |
| PDOX | Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft |
| TME | Tumor microenvironment |