| HRV | Heart Rate Variability |
| WHO | World Health Organisation |
| ANS | Autonomic Nervous System |
| BMA | British Medical Association |
| STAI | State–Trait Anxiety Inventory |
| AMSTAR | Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses |
| PICO | Patient/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome |
| MMAT | The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool |
| MD | Mean Difference |
| CI | Confidence Interval |
| P | p-value |