Abbreviation	Full Name
5′pppRNA	5′-triphosphate RNA
A172	Human glioblastoma cell line
A549	Human lung carcinoma epithelial cell line
Ala	Alanine
Arg	Arginine
AS1/2	Allosteric site1/2
Asp	Aspartic acid
AV-C	1-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-(5-isopropyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,2-dihydrochromeno[2,3-c]pyrrole-3,9-dione
Bz-nKRR-H	Benzoyl-norleucine-Lys-Arg-Arg-aldehyde
BHK-21	Baby hamster kidney-21 cells
C	Capsid
Catalytic triad	(Ser-His-Asp)
CARD–CARD	Caspase activation and recruitment domain
CC50	50% cytotoxic concentration
CDNs	Cyclic dinucleotides
cGAMP	Cyclic GMP–AMP
cGAS	Cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
CLRs	C-type lectin receptors
CN-716	Boronic peptide CN-716 inhibitor
Compound 32	α-Ketoamide inhibitor
Compound 6	Boroleucine-derived covalent inhibitor
Compound 7	Boronic acid peptide inhibitor
CRISPR/Cas9	Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9
CYD	Chimeric yellow fever–dengue
CYD-TDV	Chimeric yellow fever–dengue tetravalent dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia)
Cys	Cysteine
DENV	Dengue virus
DENV-1	Dengue virus serotype 1
DENV-2	Dengue virus serotype 2
DENV-3	Dengue virus serotype 3
DENV-2 PDK-53	Dengue virus serotype 2 attenuated strain PDK-53
DSDP	Dispiro-diketopiperazine STING agonist
dsRNA	Double-stranded RNA
E	Envelope protein
EC50	Half-maximal effective concentratio
EC68	68% effective concentration
EMA	European Medicines Agency
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
GAF	Gamma-activated factor
GAS	Gamma-activated sequences
Gln	Glutamine
Glu	Glutamic acid
Gly	Glycine
HepG2	Human hepatoma cells
HFF-1	Human foreskin fibroblasts
His	Histidine
hmdDCs	Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells
HST	Hesperidin
Huh7	Human hepatoma cell line
Huh7.5	Human hepatoma cell line
IC50	Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
IC90	90% inhibitory concentration
IFIT1	Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide 1
IFIT2	Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide 2
IFITM1	Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1
IFN-I/ IFN-α/IFN-β	Type I interferons
IFN-II/IFN-γ	Type II interferons
IFN-III/IFN-λ	Type III interferons
IFNAR1	Interferon-alpha/beta receptor 1
IFNAR2	Interferon-alpha/beta receptor 2
IFNGR1	Interferon-gamma receptor 1
IFNGR2	Interferon-gamma receptor 2
IFNLR1	Interferon lambda receptor 1
IFNs	Interferons
IgG1	Immunoglobulin G subclass 1
IgG2a/c	Immunoglobulin G subclass 2a and 2c
IgG2c	Immunoglobulin G subclass 2c
IKK	IκB kinase
IL-10R2	Interleukin-10 receptor 2
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β
IL-2	Interleukin-2
IL-28A/B	Interleukin-28A/B
IL-29	Interleukin-29
IL-6	Interleukin-6
Ile	Isoleucine
IRAK 1/4	Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1/4
IRF3	Interferon regulatory factor 3
IRF7	Interferon regulatory factor 7
IRF9	Interferon regulatory factor 9
IRFs	Interferon regulatory factors
ISG15	Interferon-stimulated gene 15
ISG54	Interferon-stimulated gene 54 (IFIT2)
ISG56	Interferon-stimulated gene 56 (IFIT1)
ISGF3	Interferon-stimulated gene factor 3
ISGs	Interferon-stimulated genes
ISREs	Interferon-stimulated response elements
JAK1	Janus kinase 1
JAK2	Janus kinase 2
JAK-STAT	Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway
Ki	Inhibition constant
Ki_ii	Second-order inhibition constant (slow-binding inhibition constant)
Kᴰ	Dissociation constant
LBHB	Low-barrier hydrogen bond
LBHBs	Low-barrier hydrogen bonds
Leu	Leucine
Lys	Lysine
MAVS	Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein
MD	Molecular dynamics
MDA5	Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5
MEK/ERK	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase
Met	Methionine
MX1	Myxovirus resistance protein 1
MX2	Myxovirus resistance protein 2
MyD88	Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NAR	Naringenin
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa-B
NK	Natural killer cell
Nle	Norleucine
NLRs	NOD-like receptors
NMR	Nuclear magnetic resonance
NPASS	Natural Product Activity and Species Source
NS	Nonstructural proteins
NS2B–NS3	Nonstructural 2B–3 protease
NTPase	Nucleoside-triphosphatase
OAS3	Oligoadenylate synthetase 3
ORF	Open reading frame
P1-P4 side chain	Substrate residues on the N-terminal side of the scissile peptide bond (following Schechter and Berger nomenclature)
p38 MAPK	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
PAMPs	Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
PBMCs	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Phe	Phenylalanine
PKR	Protein Kinase R
poly(I:C)	Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid
prM	Pre-membrane protein
prM/M	Premembrane/membrane protein
Pro	Proline
PRRs	Pattern-recognition receptors
R848	Resiquimod
RIG-I	Retinoic acid-inducible gene I
RLRs	RIG-I-like receptors
RSAD2	Viperin
S1–S4	Protease subsites that accommodate the P1–P4 substrate residues (following Schechter and Berger nomenclature)
SAR	Structure–Activity Relationship
Ser	Serine
SI	Selectivity index
ssRNA	Single-stranded RNA
STAT1	Cytoplasmic transcription factors 1
STAT2	Cytoplasmic transcription factors 2
STING	Stimulator of interferon genes
TAK-003	tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine (Qdenga®)
TBK1	TANK-binding kinase 1
TFMK	Trifluoromethyl ketone
THF	Human fibroblasts with extended replicative lifespan
Thr	Threonine
TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2
TLR3	Toll-like receptor 3
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TLR7	Toll-like receptor 7
TLR8	Toll-like receptor 8
TLR9	Toll-like receptor 9
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
TRAF6	TNF receptor-associated factor 6
TRIF	TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β
Trp	Tryptophan
TV-003/TV-005	Butantan-DV
TYK2	Tyrosine Kinase 2
Tyr	Tyrosine
U937-DC-SIGN	U937 monocytes expressing DC-SIGN
UTR	Untranslated region
Val	Valine
Vero	African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line
Vero E6	African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line E6
WHO	World Health Organization
WNV	West Nile virus
WSL-75	Phenoxymethylphenyl-derived inhibitor WSL-75
WSL-84	Phenoxymethylphenyl-derived inhibitor WSL-84
YFV	Yellow fever virus
ZIKV	Zika virus
Note: Amino acid numbers (e.g., Ser135, His51, Asp75) refer to residue numbering within the NS2B–NS3 protease sequence of the corresponding Flavivirus.