| AI | Artificial Intelligence |
| AIM2 | Absent in Melanoma 2 |
| ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| BCN | Bacterial Cellulose Nanocomposite |
| BMM | Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages |
| BV | Bacterial Vaginosis |
| CAR-T | Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells |
| CCR7 | C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 7 |
| CD | Cluster of Differentiation |
| CF | Cystic Fibrosis |
| CX3CR1 | C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1 |
| CXCL | C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand |
| ECM | Extracellular Matrix |
| EGF | Epidermal Growth Factor |
| FGF | Fibroblast Growth Factor |
| GM-CSF | Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor |
| HAEPS | Hyaluronic Acid-Encapsulated Probiotic System |
| HIF-1α | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha |
| IBS | Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| IFN-β | Interferon Beta |
| IFN-γ | Interferon Gamma |
| IGF-1 | Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IL-1RA | Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist |
| iNOS | Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MHC | Major Histocompatibility Complex |
| MDM | Monocyte-Derived Macrophages |
| MMP | Matrix Metalloproteinase |
| MVs | Membrane Vesicles |
| NETs | Neutrophil Extracellular Traps |
| NF-κB | Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B Cells |
| NGF | Nerve Growth Factor |
| NO | Nitric Oxide |
| OMVs | Outer Membrane Vesicles |
| ONF | Oro-Nasal Fistula |
| OSCC | Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| PAMPs | Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns |
| PD-L1 | Programmed Death-Ligand 1 |
| PD-L2 | Programmed Death-Ligand 2 |
| PDGF | Platelet-Derived Growth Factor |
| PEG | Polyethylene Glycol |
| PG | Peptidoglycan |
| PRRs | Pattern Recognition Receptors |
| ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species |
| SCFAs | Short-Chain Fatty Acids |
| SNPs | Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms |
| STAT1 | Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 |
| TAMs | Tumor-Associated Macrophages |
| TGF-α | Transforming Growth Factor Alpha |
| TGF-β | Transforming Growth Factor Beta |
| Th17 | T Helper 17 Cells |
| TIMPs | Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases |
| TLR | Toll-Like Receptor |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha |
| VEGF | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor |