| CT | Computed Tomography |
| MDCT | Multi-Detector Computed Tomography |
| FESS | Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery |
| ETSS | Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| CBCT | Cone Beam Computed Tomography |
| KFHU | King Fahd University Hospital |
| SD | Standard Deviation |