| CSF | classical swine fever |
| CSFV | classical swine fever virus |
| GPE– | guinea pig exaltation of Newcastle disease virus-negative strain |
| CPK | porcine kidney-derived cell line |
| DMEM/F-12 | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium: nutrient mixture F12 |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| MOI | multiplicity of infection |
| PBMC | Peripheral blood mononuclear cell |
| rRT-PCR | real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction |
| TCID50 | 50% tissue culture infectious dose |
| VNT | virus neutralization titer |