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. 2026 Jan 29;14(2):138. doi: 10.3390/vaccines14020138
SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
aa Amino acids
ACE2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Alum Alhydrogel adjuvant 2%
AS03 Adjuvant System 03
BHK Baby hamster kidney
BHK-hACE2 BHK cells stably expressing human ACE2
BPL β-propiolactone
CT Cytoplasmic tail
DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
eGFP Enhanced green fluorescent protein
ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
F Fusion protein
FBS Fetal bovine serum
FP Fusion peptide
G protein Glycoprotein
GPO Government Pharmaceutical Organization
HA Hemagglutination
HN Hemagglutinin–neuraminidase
hpi Hours post-infection
HR Heptapeptide repeat sequence
HRP Horseradish peroxidase
HXP-S Hexapro-spike
IACUC Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
ID50 Inhibitory dilution at which 50% neutralization is achieved
IM Intramuscularly
IP Intraperitoneal
NDV Newcastle disease virus
NTD N-terminal domain
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
PBST 1× PBS (pH 7.4) containing 0.1% (v/v) Tween-20
Pen Strep Penicillin plus streptomycin
RBD Receptor-binding domain
RBM Receptor-binding motif
rcVSV Replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus
rcVSV-eGFP-CoV2-S Replication-competent VSV engineered to express a GFP reporter and a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in place of the native VSV-G protein
TM Transmembrane domain
VOCs Variants of concern