| PrP | Prion protein |
| PrPC | Cellular prion protein (normal form) |
| PrPSc | Scrapie-associated pathological prion protein |
| TSE | Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy |
| CJD | Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease |
| sCJD | Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease |
| gCJD/fCJD | Genetic/familial Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease |
| vCJD | Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease |
| iCJD | Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease |
| FFI | Fatal Familial Insomnia |
| GSS | Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease |
| RPD | Rapidly progressive dementia |
| PRNP | Prion protein gene |
| 129M/V | Methionine/Valine polymorphism at codon 129 of PRNP |
| MM, MV, VV | Methionine/Methionine; Methionine/Valine; Valine/Valine genotypes |
| Type 1/Type 2 PrPSc | Electrophoretic prion protein types |
| E200K, D178N, P102L, V180I, etc. | Common PRNP pathogenic mutations |
| PSWCs | Periodic Sharp Wave Complexes (EEG hallmark) |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| DWI | Diffusion-weighted imaging |
| ADC | Apparent diffusion coefficient |
| FLAIR | Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| PET | Positron emission tomography |
| FDG-PET | Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| RT-QuIC | Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion |
| qRT-QuIC/2G-RT-QuIC | First or second generation RT-QuIC |
| t-tau | Total tau protein |
| p-tau | Phosphorylated tau |
| NfL | Neurofilament light chain |
| 14-3-3 | CSF 14-3-3 protein |
| EEG | Electroencephalography |