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. 2026 Jan 27;18(2):69. doi: 10.3390/toxins18020069
VGCs Voltage-gated channels
TRPs Transient receptor potential
TNF Tumor necrosis factor
DAMPs Damage-associated molecular patterns
CB Cannabinoid receptor
B Bradykinin receptor
ASIC Acid-sensitive ion channels
OP Opioid receptor
P2X Purinergic receptor
ADR Adrenergic receptor
ADN Adenosine receptor
5-TH Serotonin receptor
Cav Voltage-gated calcium channel
Nav Voltage-gated sodium channel
Kv Voltage-gated potassium channel
CCK Cholecystokinin receptors
IGluRs Ionotropic glutamate receptors
GABA γ-Aminobutyric acid
kDa Kilo daltons
CFA Complete Freund’s adjuvant
CNS Central nervous system
PNS Peripheral nervous system
CCI Chronic constriction injury
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
DDPCPX Dipropylcyclopentylxanthine
ZZM241385 Potent selective adenosine A2A antagonist
PMA Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
NO Nitric oxide