Table 1. Descriptive statistics (mean ± SD) for performance of the three clusters in terms of front–back accuracy, top–bottom accuracy, and discrimination accuracy for each cluster and the overall sample. Significant group differences were observed across all the measures. Tukey’s post hoc tests revealed multiple significant pairwise differences, highlighting distinct spatial accuracy profiles. The effect sizes (ηp2) indicate large effects for all the variables.
| Variables | C1 Mean (SD) n=18 |
C2 Mean (SD) n=17 |
C3 Mean (SD) n=16 |
Test of significance | Tukey post hoc | |
| Note: FBA represents front–back accuracy, TBA and DA stands for top–bottom and discrimination accuracy respectively | ||||||
| FBA | 26.44 (1.42) | 26.23 (2.46) | 19.06 (1.87) |
F (2,48) = 75.78, p < 0.001, ηp2= 0.76 |
C1 vs C3 C2 vs C3 |
p < 0.001 p < 0.001 |
| TBA | 27.61 (2.65) | 18.17 (2.78) | 24.5 (4.51) |
F (2,48) = 34.95, p < 0.001, ηp2= 0.59 |
C1 vs C2 C1 vs C3 C2 vs C3 |
p < 0.001 p < 0.05 p < 0.001 |
| DA | 137.33 (7.51) | 127.70 (7.33) | 126.93 (7.16) |
F (2,48) = 10.83, p < 0.001, ηp2= 0.31 |
C1 vs C2 C1 vs C3 |
p < 0.01 p < 0.001 |