Table 2.

Fixed effects from linear mixed effects model examining how body condition varies across reproductive stages of reproductive-aged female Northern resident killer whales (n = 207 whale-by-year observations, 66 individuals). Statistically robust effects (i.e., p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold. For the fixed effect of reproductive status, regression coefficients indicate comparisons between each factor level (i.e., reproductive stage) and non-pregnant females/females that had unsuccessful pregnancies.

Fixed effect	Estimate	SE	Z value	p value
Intercept	1.146	0.007	158.03	< 0.001
Age (1st degree)	0.081	0.014	5.79	< 0.001
Age (2nd degree)	0.037	0.014	2.64	0.01
Reproductive status:
Pregnant - early stages	0.004	0.004	0.99	0.32
Pregnant - late stages	0.020	0.004	5.38	< 0.001
Lactating year 1	−0.010	0.004	−2.71	0.007
Lactating year 2	−0.012	0.004	−3.01	0.003
Lactating year 3	−0.007	0.004	−1.84	0.07