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. 2025 Nov 26;19:2047. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2025.2047

Table 2. Test-retest reliability analysis (No. 32 participants): Adjusted and Unadjusted Kappa for help-seeking behaviours and Confidence for breast and CCs.

BC CC
% Agreement Adjusted Kappa (unadjusted Kappa) % Agreement Adjusted Kappa (unadjusted Kappa)
Heard of/know someone with BC/CC
Ever heard of breast/ CC 100% N/A-all yes 93.75% 0.875 (0.632)
Know someone with breast/CC 93.75% 0.875 (0.765) 84.4% 0.687 (0.612)
Help-seeking behaviour for BC/cervical symptoms
Ignore it N/A- The retest
variable is constant
N/A- The retest
variable is constant
93.75% 0.875 (0.467)
Self-medicate 80.6% 0.612 (0.139) 93.75% 0.875 (0.475)
Tell someone close to me 87.5% 0.75 (0.434) 90.6% 0.812 (0.520)
Visit a traditional healer N/A- test variable is constant N/A- test variable is constant N/A- test
variable is constant
N/A- The test variable is constant
Visit a healthcare facility 81.25% 0.625 (0.626) 65.6% 0.312 (0.285)
Behaviours and confidence
Ever check breasts 81.25% 0.625 (0.545) N/A
Confidence in noticing breast/cervical change 84.4% 0.687 (0.524) 71.9% 0.437 (0.450)
Ever seen a healthcare practitioner for
breast/ cervical change
93.75% 0.875 (0.846) 96.9% 0.937 (0.784)
Ever seen a traditional healer for breast/cervical change 90.6% 0.812 (0.351) 93.75% 0.875 (−0.032-)