Figure 2.

Schematic depicting typical pressure wave forms in segments of the cardiovascular system for normal versus stiffened aorta and conduit arteries. Aortic stiffening causes increased pulse pressure. In a normal aorta, pressure is dampened by the layers of elastin allowing distension during systole and recoil during diastole. The distension reduces the work of the heart; the recoil during diastole generates the perfusion pressure for coronary circulation. This trampoline-like mechanism is lost as the aorta stiffens with calcification, resulting in increased pulse pressure throughout the vasculature. Modified from Thompson et al.¹² Used with permission.