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. 2026 Feb 23;17:1707203. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1707203

Figure 5.

Multiple scientific charts and histological images depict various experimental results. Each section, labeled A to L, presents data related to hypoxia and treatments involving SLC31A1, Nigericin, MCC950, and other agents. Graphs show relative expression levels, protein expressions, ATP levels, and cytokine levels with statistical significance indicated. Western blots and microscopic images are included to illustrate changes at the molecular and cellular levels across different conditions.

SLC31A1 is implicated in cuproptosis in macrophages through regulation of the NLRP3/HMGB1 pathway. (A) NLRP3 mRNA expression determined by RT-qPCR; (B) NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 and ASC protein levels measured by western blot; (C) Cell viability evaluated by CCK-8; (D-F) The Cu2+ level, ATP content, and SDH activity in RAW264.7 cells assessed by kits; (G) Levels of cuproptosis-related proteins FDX1 and DLAT in RAW264.7 cells determined by western blot; (H) Mitochondrial damage in cells assessed by TEM; (I) The LDH activity in RAW264.7 cell supernatants detected by a kit; (J-L) Levels of HMGB1, IL-1β, and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cell supernatants measured by ELISA. All cell-based in vitro experiments were independently repeated three times. Data were described as mean ± standard deviation, with multi-group comparisons conducted by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.