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. 2026 Jan 14;64(4):192–197. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000002285

TABLE 2.

Difference-in-Difference Analysis of NP Practice Authority Impact by Chronic Condition

High cholesterol (n=33,409) (1) (2)
 FPA State 0.3971 (0.7242) 0.4073 (0.8513)
 Post-policy change 0.2055 (0.3081) 0.1676 (0.3005)
 FPA—post-policy −0.7367 (0.6359) 0.2994 (0.9922)
 Rural county −1.9175*** (0.5638)
 FPA—rural county −1.4177** (0.6306)
High Blood Pressure (n=38,858) (1) (2)
 FPA state 0.3971 (0.7242) 1.2914* (0.6903)
 Post-policy change 0.2055 (0.3081) 0.5820* (0.3363)
 FPA—post-policy −0.7367 (0.6359) 2.7860 (1.7525)
 Rural county −0.6119 (0.5427)
 FPA—rural county −2.9420 (2.2014)
Diabetes (n=13,075) (1) (2)
 FPA state −0.3456 (1.7970) −0.3431 (1.7967)
 Post-policy change 0.0962 (0.4715) 0.0954 (0.4681)
 FPA—post-policy 1.5248 (2.1338) 8.2030*** (1.955)
 Rural county −0.0620 (0.5901)
 FPA—rural county −8.8500*** (0.6946)
Emphysema (n=2509) (1) (2)
 FPA state 5.2506*** (0.8117) 5.2785*** (0.8713)
 Post-policy change 0.0503 (0.5052) 0.1861 (0.4978)
 FPA–post-policy −2.1893 (4.1978) −5.5503*** (1.2093)
 Rural county 3.1732*** (1.1126)
 FPA—-rural county 5.0621 (1.0836)
Asthma (n=17,018) (1) (2)
 FPA state 0.8284 (2.0017) 0.8965 (1.8501)
 Post-policy change 1.0784** (0.4082) 1.0394* (0.4207)
 FPA—post-policy 1.0471 (1.3278) 2.7160*** (0.7572)
 Rural county −2.3761*** (0.6888)
 FPA—rural county −2.0817 (0.9338)

Standard errors are clustered at the county-state pair level.