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. 2026 Feb 24;8:1735652. doi: 10.3389/frph.2026.1735652

Table 3.

Results of factors of mean duration meta-analysis.

Factors (group) Effect size (95% CI) Z p I2%
Prepandemic vs. during pandemic −0.37 (−0.59, −0.14) −3.159 0.002 31.7
Manual detorsion vs. no manual detorsion −0.70 (−1.03, −0.37) −4.175 <0.0001 49.6
Misdiagnosis vs. confirm 2.36 (0.34, 4.38) 2.285 0.022 94.1
Transfer vs. no transfer −0.42 (−0.60, −0.23) −4.390 <0.0001 0.0