Table 2.
Summary of the significant IVW results in phenome-wide Mendelian randomization analysis
| Exposure | N-IV | B (se) | OR (95%CI) | P-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disorders of choroid and retina | 12 | −0.032 (0.008) | 0.97 (0.95–0.98) | 8.53E-05 |
| Proliferative diabetic retinopathy | 11 | −0.009 (0.002) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 1.63E-04 |
| Any mental disorder | 19 | 0.423 (0.120) | 1.53 (1.21–1.93) | 4.24E-04 |
| Diabetic retinopathy | 13 | −0.010 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 1.55E-03 |
| Type 1 diabetes with coma | 13 | −0.008 (0.002) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 1.95E-03 |
| Pure hypercholesterolaemia | 29 | 0.050 (0.017) | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 2.70E-03 |
| Diabetic background retinopathy | 13 | −0.010 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 3.58E-03 |
| Osteoporosis | 50 | −0.009 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 5.01E-03 |
| Type1 diabetes, definitions combined, early onset | 19 | −0.006 (0.002) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 5.35E-03 |
| Degenerative macular diseases | 31 | −0.011 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 5.98E-03 |
| Metabolic disorders | 22 | 0.080 (0.029) | 1.08 (1.02–1.15) | 6.56E-03 |
| Other mental disorders due to brain damage and dysfunction and to physical disease | 18 | 0.102 (0.038) | 1.11 (1.03–1.19) | 7.47E-03 |
| Corneal ulcer | 20 | −0.015 (0.006) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 8.10E-03 |
| Herpesviral infections | 21 | −0.009 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 8.71E-03 |
| Delirium, not induced by alcohol and other psychoactive substances | 18 | 0.103 (0.039) | 1.11 (1.03–1.20) | 8.78E-03 |
| Generalized epilepsy | 18 | 0.009 (0.004) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 9.07E-03 |
| Fracture of lower leg, including ankle | 35 | −0.015 (0.006) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 9.30E-03 |
| Diabetic hypoglycemia | 11 | −0.010 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.011 |
| Single delivery by caesarean section | 41 | −0.014 (0.005) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.012 |
| Polymyalgia rheumatica | 25 | −0.012 (0.005) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.012 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, other/unspecified | 12 | 0.067 (0.027) | 1.07 (1.01–1.13) | 0.013 |
| Any mental disorder, or suicide, or psychic disorders complicating pregnancy, partum or puerperium or nerve system disorders | 47 | 0.012 (0.005) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.014 |
| Nonorganic sleeping disorders | 19 | 0.012 (0.005) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.014 |
| Endometriosis | 26 | 0.011 (0.005) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.015 |
| Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidaemias | 37 | 0.060 (0.025) | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 0.017 |
| Vitreous bleeding | 28 | −0.010 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.017 |
| Glomerular diseases | 23 | −0.015 (0.006) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) | 0.017 |
| Zoster (herpes zoster) | 20 | 0.011 (0.005) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.018 |
| Malignant neoplasm of rectum | 31 | −0.006 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.019 |
| Memory loss | 25 | 0.075 (0.032) | 1.08 (1.01–1.15) | 0.019 |
| Diabetic nephropathy | 11 | −0.009 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.021 |
| Primary coxarthrosis, bilateral | 11 | −0.016 (0.007) | 0.98 (0.97–1.00) | 0.021 |
| Diabetic neuropathy | 35 | −0.007 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.023 |
| Hydrocele | 35 | −0.008 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.025 |
| Agranulocytosis | 18 | −0.009 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.025 |
| Nontoxic multinodular goitre | 39 | 0.005 (0.002) | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) | 0.027 |
| Other neurological diseases | 28 | 0.021 (0.010) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.027 |
| Statin medication | 153 | 0.022 (0.010) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 0.03 |
| Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, strict definition | 12 | −0.007 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.032 |
| Focal epilepsy, strict definition | 23 | 0.010 (0.005) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.033 |
| Autoimmune diseases excluding thyroid diseases, strict definition | 40 | −0.014 (0.007) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.034 |
| Carcinoma in situ of breast | 28 | −0.006 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.036 |
| Hypothyroidism, strict autoimmune | 124 | −0.007 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.037 |
| Inguinal hernia, bilateral | 36 | 0.006 (0.003) | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | 0.038 |
| Vasomotor rhinitis | 22 | −0.007 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.038 |
| Migraine | 63 | −0.012 (0.006) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.04 |
| Disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, unspecified | 32 | 0.025 (0.012) | 1.02 (1.00–1.05) | 0.04 |
| Heart failure, strict | 82 | 0.010 (0.005) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.041 |
| Coxarthrosis, primary | 27 | −0.013 (0.006) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.042 |
| Lichen planus, including avohilmo | 53 | −0.006 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.042 |
| Type 1 diabetes with ketoacidosis | 13 | −0.005 (0.002) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.045 |
| Alcohol withdrawal state with delirium | 25 | −0.006 (0.003) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.045 |
| Other disorders of skin and subcutaneous tissue, not elsewhere classified | 21 | −0.010 (0.005) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.048 |
| Unspecified acute lower respiratory infection | 32 | −0.009 (0.004) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.049 |
Note: The above results are all significant findings from the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, with P-values reported as the original values. AD, Alzheimer’s disease; OR: odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; N-IV, number of instrumental variables