Table 4.
Demographic and health characteristics and the prevalence of selected CAM modalities within the past 12 months (weighted %, adjusted odds ratiosa, 95% CI)
| Special diet (n = 3759) | 2+ dietary supplements (n = 6148) | Mind–body techniques (n = 2048) | Ever pray (n = 4666) | Support groups (n = 684) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Prevalence | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Prevalence | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Prevalence | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Prevalence | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 36.6 | 1.00 | 76.3 | 1.00 | 17.5 | 1.00 | 37.1 | 1.00 | 4.5 | 1.00 |
| Female | 45.8 | 1.46 (1.24, 1.72)*** | 83.9 | 1.59 (1.25, 2.01)*** | 24.0 | 1.46 (1.18, 1.79)*** | 53.2 | 1.87 (1.59, 2.19)*** | 8.5 | 1.85 (1.37, 2.50)*** |
| Age | ||||||||||
| 18–35 | 35.6 | 1.00 | 73.7 | 1.00 | 19.6 | 1.00 | 41.5 | 1.00 | 5.3 | 1.00 |
| 36–50 | 44.5 | 1.14 (0.91, 1.43) | 82.1 | 1.40 (1.03, 1.92)* | 21.4 | 0.84 (0.63, 1.13) | 46.7 | 1.17 (0.93, 1.47) | 6.7 | 1.03 (0.65, 1.62) |
| 51–64 | 48.3 | 1.06 (0.82, 1.36) | 83.6 | 1.31 (0.92, 1.87) | 25.4 | 0.82 (0.60, 1.12) | 47.7 | 1.07 (0.83, 1.38) | 7.5 | 0.91 (0.55, 1.49) |
| 65+ | 37.6 | 0.72 (0.54, 0.96)* | 84.7 | 1.47 (1.01, 2.14)* | 16.6 | 0.45 (0.31, 0.64)*** | 47.8 | 0.97 (0.73, 1.29) | 7.9 | 0.90 (0.52, 1.56) |
| Race | ||||||||||
| White | 46.2 | 1.00 | 83.0 | 1.00 | 24.9 | 1.00 | 44.0 | 1.00 | 7.9 | 1.00 |
| Latino | 30.6 | 0.79 (0.62, 1.00) | 71.7 | 0.86 (0.62, 1.21) | 12.4 | 0.68 (0.50, 0.93)* | 48.9 | 1.39 (1.10, 1.76)** | 4.3 | 0.67 (0.44, 1.03) |
| Asian and Pacific Islander | 38.5 | 0.77 (0.62, 0.95)* | 79.9 | 0.94 (0.69, 1.28) | 18.2 | 0.67 (0.51, 0.89)** | 34.6 | 0.72 (0.59, 0.90)** | 3.8 | 0.51 (0.33, 0.80)** |
| African-American | 44.3 | 0.99 (0.79, 1.23) | 81.8 | 1.05 (0.76, 1.45) | 19.8 | 0.80 (0.62, 1.03) | 66.0 | 2.61 (2.07, 3.30)*** | 9.1 | 1.25 (0.88, 1.78) |
| Other | 41.7 | 0.98 (0.75, 1.28) | 83.6 | 1.32 (0.86, 2.03) | 24.6 | 1.15 (0.84, 1.57) | 44.6 | 1.13 (0.86, 1.49) | 5.5 | 0.74 (0.48, 1.15) |
| Poverty level | ||||||||||
| 0–99% | 31.5 | 1.00 | 71.5 | 1.00 | 12.2 | 1.00 | 51.3 | 1.00 | 5.7 | 1.00 |
| 100–199% | 34.5 | 1.05 (0.77, 1.42) | 77.7 | 1.18 (0.80, 1.76) | 18.7 | 1.44 (0.95, 2.18) | 49.5 | 0.93 (0.70, 1.23) | 5.5 | 0.89 (0.50, 1.57) |
| 200–299% | 37.3 | 1.00 (0.71, 1.41) | 80.5 | 1.26 (0.80, 1.97) | 17.9 | 1.03 (0.66, 1.61) | 48.2 | 0.88 (0.63, 1.22) | 6.6 | 1.00 (0.53, 1.90) |
| 300% and above | 46.7 | 1.23 (0.89, 1.69) | 82.6 | 1.28 (0.84, 1.96) | 24.2 | 1.12 (0.74, 1.68) | 42.1 | 0.69 (0.51, 0.94)* | 7.1 | 1.04 (0.57, 1.88) |
| Education | ||||||||||
| Less than high school | 27.5 | 1.00 | 68.5 | 1.00 | 7.4 | 1.00 | 47.3 | 1.00 | 4.6 | 1.00 |
| Grade 12/HS diploma | 33.7 | 1.12 (0.83, 1.52) | 77.0 | 1.45 (1.01, 2.06)* | 14.1 | 1.81 (1.25, 2.62)** | 45.4 | 1.17 (0.90, 1.52) | 6.1 | 1.12 (0.67, 1.87) |
| Some college | 46.0 | 1.78 (1.31, 2.41)*** | 82.7 | 1.96 (1.34, 2.87)*** | 24.9 | 3.62 (2.54, 5.15)*** | 47.0 | 1.22 (0.94, 1.60) | 7.5 | 1.29 (0.76, 2.18) |
| College graduate or more | 48.9 | 1.90 (1.38, 2.63)*** | 84.1 | 2.13 (1.43, 3.16)*** | 28.2 | 4.52 (3.12, 6.57)*** | 43.3 | 1.31 (0.99, 1.73) | 7.0 | 1.22 (0.71, 2.09) |
| Health status | ||||||||||
| No chronic illness or cancer | 31.0 | 1.00 | 73.7 | 1.00 | 14.6 | 1.00 | 35.5 | 1.00 | 3.5 | 1.00 |
| Chronic illness/no cancer | 48.3 | 2.05 (1.70, 2.48)*** | 83.1 | 1.57 (1.20, 2.06)** | 24.0 | 1.92 (1.48, 2.51)*** | 49.9 | 1.85 (1.53, 2.23)*** | 7.9 | 2.22 (1.44, 3.42)*** |
| Cancer | 36.1 | 1.20 (0.94, 1.54) | 86.5 | 1.74 (1.24, 2.45)** | 26.3 | 2.34 (1.71, 3.19)*** | 58.4 | 2.72 (2.11, 3.51)*** | 11.3 | 3.09 (1.86, 5.14)*** |
| Insurance status | ||||||||||
| Insured | 43.0 | 1.0 | 81.1 | 1.0 | 21.6 | 1.0 | 45.0 | 1.0 | 6.7 | 1.0 |
| Uninsured | 32.5 | 0.90 (0.71, 1.14) | 75.5 | 1.14 (0.83, 1.57) | 17.1 | 1.15 (0.85, 1.55) | 47.4 | 1.05 (0.84, 1.31) | 5.7 | 1.17 (0.75, 1.82) |
aAdjusted odds ratios from a multiple logistic regression, with use of selected CAM modalities as the dependent variable and sex, age, race, poverty level, education, health status and insurance status as independent variables.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.