Table 2.
Typical case of metabolic acidosis
| Parameter | 1 month ago | At presentation | After resuscitation |
| Na+ (mmol/l) | 130 | 130 | 135 |
| K+ (mmol/l) | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.8 |
| Cl- (mmol/l) | 107 | 105 | 115 |
| HCO3- (mmol/l) | 16 | 8 | 6 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl [μmol/l]) | 2.8 (244) | 2.9 (250) | |
| Albumin (g/dl [g/l]) | 2.0 (20) | 2.3 (23) | 1.8 (18) |
| PO4 (mg/dl [mmol/l]) | 4.5 (1.5) | 4.8 (1.6) | 4.2 (1.4) |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 1? | 5 | 3 |
| ABG | 7.36/30/70 | 7.18/20/80 | 7.06/20/80 |
| SBE (mEq/l) | -9 | -20 | -23 |
| SBEc (mEq/l) | -8 | -18 | -20 |
| AG (mEq/l) | 10.5 | 20 | 17 |
| AGc (mEq/l) | 4.2 | 8 | 9.3 |
| SIG (mEq/l) | 3.8 | 9.2 | 10.3 |
A 55-year-old female with a history of hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency presents with fever, chills and arterial hypotension (blood pressure 80/40 mmHg). She is resuscitated with approximately 140 ml/kg of 0.9% saline solution. The lactate value from 1 month ago is unknown and assumed to be normal. Laboratory values are shown in American units (SI units in parentheses). ABG, arterial blood gas (pH/PCO2/PO2); AG, anion gap; AGc, corrected anion gap; SBE, standard base excess; SBEc, corrected standard base excess; SIG, strong ion gap.