Skip to main content
. 2026 Feb 25;27(5):2126. doi: 10.3390/ijms27052126
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
BBB Blood–brain barrier
BCA Bicinchoninic acid
C3 Complement component C3
C3a Complement component C3a
C3aR Complement component C3a receptor
C5 Complement component C5
C5a Complement component C5a
C5aR Complement component C5a receptor
C5aR1 Complement component C5a receptor 1
C5aR2 Complement component C5a receptor 2
CLP Cecal ligation and puncture
CNS Central nervous system
DAPI 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
DNase Deoxyribonuclease
ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
FBS Fetal bovine serum
FITC Fluorescein isothiocyanate
GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GFAP Glial fibrillary acidic protein
H&E Hematoxylin and eosin
HBSS Hanks’ balanced salt solution
IF Immunofluorescence
IFN-γ Interferon gamma
Iba1 Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1
IgG Immunoglobulin G
IL-1β Interleukin-1 beta
IL-6 Interleukin-6
Ki Influx rate constant
LDH Lactate dehydrogenase
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MMPs Matrix metalloproteinases
NETs Neutrophil extracellular traps
NLRP3 NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
PFA Paraformaldehyde
PMA Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
rm Recombinant mouse
ROS Reactive oxygen species
RT-qPCR Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction
SAE Sepsis-associated encephalopathy
S100B S100 calcium-binding protein B
TLRs Toll-like receptors
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TR-dextran Texas Red dextran
TRITC Tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate