Table 2.
Aerobic exercise protocols of the included studies
| Author & Year | Exercise program in aerobic exercise group | Control group treatment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Frequency | Intensity | Time | Type | ||
| Ackel-D’ Elia et al., 2011 | Aerobic Exercise + CPAP | 3 times/week for 8 weeks | 85% of Anaerobic Threshold | 60 min | Treadmill walking or Running | CPAP for 8 weeks |
| Carneiro-Barrera et al., 2022 | Nutritional behavior change, moderate aerobic exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol intake avoidance, and sleep hygiene | Daily for 8 weeks (Supervised once a week) | 55–65% of HRR | 60 min | Walking | General advise on weightloss and lifestyle change |
| Foster et al., 2009 | Behaviouralweightloss program + moderate intensity aerobic exercise | 7 days/ week for 1 year | moderate intensity | 175 min/week | brisk walking | Diabetes support and education |
| Jurado-Garcia et al., 2020 | Graduated Walking Program | 5 times/week for 24 weeks | Borg Scale for Perceived Exertion − 1–4 weeks: 9–11 for warm up and cool down,11–14 for training; 5–24 weeks: 9–11 for warm up and cool down, 12–15 for training | 1–2 weeks: 5 min warm up, 20 min training, 5 min cool down; 3–4 weeks: 5 min warm up, 30 min training, 5 min cool down; 5–24 weeks: 5 min warm up, 45 min training, 5 min cooldown | Walking | General therapeutic measures and regular physical activity recommended |
| Karlsen et al., 2017 | Supervised High Intensity Interval Training | 2 times/week for 12 weeks | warm up: 70% of HRmax, Exercise training: 90–95% of HRmax, After last interval: 70% of HRmax | 10 min warm up, 4*4 min exercise training, 3 min at last | Treadmill walking or Running | Continue normal lifestyle |
| Lins-Filho et al., 2023 | High Intensity Interval Training | 3 times/week for 12 weeks | warm-up and cool-down at ~ 40% of HRmax, 5 cycles of 4 min walking or running between 90% and 95% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) interspersed by 3 min of walking at 50–55% of HRmax | 4 min warmup, 35 min exercise, 4 min cool down | Treadmill walking or Running | Stretching activity + adviced unsupervised 30 min physical activity |
| Sengul et al., 2011 | Aerobic exercise and breathing exercise | 3 times/week for 12 weeks | 60–70% of VO2max | 45–60 min | Bicycle Ergometer & Treadmill | No treatment |
| Yang et al., 2018 | Supervised Exercise Training | 3 times/week for 12 weeks | At VO2 (Anaerobic Threshold) | 15 min warm up, 15 min cool down, 30 min exercise | Bicycle Ergometer | Maintained previous lifestyle |