Growth, lactic acid production, fluxes, and relative fluxes for MBP71 and derivatives with ATPase activity. Stationary-phase cultures of MBP71, MBP89 (low activity), MBP90 (medium activity), and MBP98 (high activity) were inoculated at an OD600 of 0.3 AU into 200 ml of fresh LM17 (erythromycin was not added, since it is not required for plasmid stability in the nonreplicating cells). MBP71 was also inoculated at an OD600 of 0.03 AU into LM17 containing thymidine (dT). OD600 and pH were monitored over time. (A) OD600. When thymidine was added to the MBP71 culture, the specific growth rate was 1.03 h−1. The curves connecting the points are sixth-order polynomial fits. (B) Lactic acid produced. (C) Lactic acid flux. (D) Fluxes from panel C relative to the MBP71 culture. Only data points at which the OD600 was less than 1.0 and the pH was more than 5.8 are shown.