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. 2026 Mar 20;16:04035. doi: 10.7189/jogh.16.04035

Table 2.

Number of codes identified through thematic analysis mapped to the WHO quality-of-care framework among included papers (n = 162)

Codes Occurrences Papers
Health systems
18
13
Maternal-newborn dyad
56
31
Highest level of care
70
54
Lowest level of care
83
57
Domain 1: evidence-based practices
3
3
Clinical patient characteristics
110
71
EmOC
67
28
Risk-appropriate care
58
39
Domain 2: actionable information systems
4
3
Telemedicine
24
10
Domain 3: functional referral systems
23
17
Distance or geography
5
5
Referral
103
51
Regionalisation
162
78
Transport
75
39
Domain 4: effective communication
29
18
Domain 5: respect and preservation of dignity
8
7
Domain 6: emotional support
3
3
Domain 7: competent, motivated human resources
31
24
HR characteristics
110
72
Domain 8: essential physical resources available
21
17
Facility characteristics
157
83
Outcomes
64
38
Demographic patient characteristics
2
2
Volume 51 33

EmOC – emergency obstetric care, HR – human resources