Fig. 1.

Simplified illustration of the complete Allostatic Triage Model of Psychopathology (ATP Model) of stress-induced psychopathogenesis in seven steps. 1) The lightning bolt in the mitochondria indicates stress-induced dysregulation of the MIPS. 2) The blue dashed arrow going up indicates that dysregulation of the MIPS in the periphery trickles up to indirectly dysregulate the brain allostatic-interoceptive system. 3) The orange down arrow in step three indicates that dysregulation of the MIPS in the CNS directly dysregulates the allostatic-interoceptive system in the CNS, which contributes to systemic metabolic dysregulation and disease. 4) The red through arrow leading to the “!” surrounded by four facial expressions representing different affective & emotional states in step four indicates affective dysregulation induced by steps 1–3. The red arrow and inhibition symbol from the MIPS to the CEN/SN indicates independent effects of mitochondrial dysregulation on CEN and SN function. 5) The red down arrow in step five indicates that steps 1–4 exacerbate allostatic triage from the CEN, which mediates goal-oriented and executive control behaviors, to the SN, which mediates fear, vigilance, compulsive, and habitual cognition and behaviors that are associated with psychopathology, when overactivated. The translucent green up arrow represents reduced rebound activation of the CEN after stress, inhibiting a protective mechanism that limits the deleterious effects of stress on CNS allostatic triage. 5.5) Highlights the bidirectionality between allostatic triage and affective dysregulation. 6) Affective dysregulation and allostatic triage interact to drive psychiatric symptoms. 7) Psychiatric symptoms become entrenched as psychopathology through activity-dependent neuroplasticity, which is sometimes called canalization. MIPS: Mitochondrial Information Processing System; CNS: Central Nervous System; CEN: Central executive network; SN: Salience Network. Figure Created on Biorender.com.