Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants.
| Variables | SdMwoA (n = 97) | MwoA (n = 95) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | 0.677 | ||
| Female | 40 (41.2%) | 42 (44.2%) | |
| Male | 57 (58.8%) | 53 (55.8%) | |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 10.0 (8.0, 11.0) | 10.0 (8.0, 12.0) | 0.079 |
| Headache history ≥1 month, n (%) | 40 (41.2%) | 58 (61.1%) | 0.006 |
| Pre-visit preventive treatment, n (%) | 12 (12.4%) | 28 (29.5%) | 0.004 |
| Family history of headache, n (%) | 20 (20.6%) | 22 (23.2%) | 0.670 |
| Dizziness, n (%) | 26 (26.8%) | 36 (37.9%) | 0.100 |
| Other chronic pain, n (%) | 32 (33.0%) | 29 (30.5%) | 0.714 |
| Self-rated anxiety and/or depression, n (%) | 10 (10.3%) | 7 (7.4%) | 0.473 |
| Pain laterality, n (%) | 0.673 | ||
| Bilateral | 43 (44.3%) | 45 (47.4%) | |
| Unilateral | 54 (55.7%) | 50 (52.6%) | |
| Pain location, n (%) | 0.147 | ||
| Frontal | 30 (30.9%) | 16 (16.8%) | |
| Mixed | 37 (38.1%) | 45 (47.4%) | |
| Occipital | 3 (3.1%) | 5 (5.3%) | |
| Temporal | 18 (18.6%) | 23 (24.2%) | |
| Vertex | 9 (9.3%) | 6 (6.3%) | |
| Pain quality, n (%) | 0.943 | ||
| Other | 78 (80.4%) | 76 (80.0%) | |
| Throbbing | 19 (19.6%) | 19 (20.0%) | |
| Pain frequency, n (%) | 0.446 | ||
| <1/month | 5 (5.2%) | 4 (4.2%) | |
| 1–3/month | 5 (5.2%) | 6 (6.3%) | |
| 1/week | 6 (6.2%) | 8 (8.4%) | |
| 2–6/week | 16 (16.5%) | 19 (20.0%) | |
| Daily | 65 (67.0%) | 58 (61.1%) | |
| Pain intensity, n (%) | 0.191 | ||
| Mild | 14 (14.4%) | 8 (8.4%) | |
| Moderate or severe | 83 (85.6%) | 87 (91.6%) | |
| PedMIDASa, n (%) | 0.236 | ||
| Little to none | 16 (16.5%) | 7 (7.4%) | |
| Mild | 36 (37.1%) | 40 (42.1%) | |
| Moderate | 18 (18.6%) | 17 (17.9%) | |
| Severe | 27 (27.8%) | 31 (32.6%) |
a
PedMIDAS: Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Scale graded as 0–10 (little to none), 11–30 (mild), 31–50 (moderate), and >50 (severe).
Bold values indicate statistically significant between-group differences (two-sided p < 0.05).