Table 2.
Soluble mediators regulating fibroblast proliferation
| Effect | Factors | Examples of cellular and tissue source | Reference |
| + | AMDGF | Alveolar macrophage | [16] |
| + | aFGF, bFGF | Brain, retina, bone matrix, endothelial cells, macrophage | [17] |
| + | CTAP-III | Platelet | |
| + | CTAP-V | Platelet | |
| + | CTAP-PMN | PMN | |
| + | EGF and TGF-α | Granulocyte, ectodermal cells, kidney, duodenal gland, platelet | [18] |
| - | Interferon-γ | T lymphocyte, NK cell | [19] |
| + | IGF-I (SmC) | Fibroblast, skeletal cell, liver, endothelial cell, T cell | [20] |
| + | IGF-II (MSA) | Liver | [21] |
| + | IL-1α and IL-β | Monocyte/macrophage, Langerhans cell, other dendritic cells, T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte, | |
| NK cell, large granular lymphocyte, vascular endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell, fibroblast, | |||
| thymic epithelial cell, astrocyte, microglia, keratinocyte, chondrocyte | |||
| + | IL-1 inhibitor | Monocyte | [22] |
| + | PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, | Platelet, macrophage, endothelial cell, fibroblasts, vascular smooth cells, glial cell, type I astrocyte, | |
| PDGF-AB | kidney, epithelial cell, mesangial cells | ||
| + | TCDGF | T cell | [23] |
| + | TGF-β | Platelets, macrophage, T cell, skeletal muscle cell, fibroblast | [24] |
| + | TNF-β | Lymphocyte | [25] |
+, Stimulation; -, inhibition. aFGF, acidic fibroblast growth factor; AMDGF, alveolar macrophage-derived growth factor; bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; CTAP, connective tissue-activating peptide; EGF, epidermal growth factor; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IL, interleukin; NK, natural killer; PDGF, platelet derived growth factor; PMN, polymorphonuclear cell; TCDGF, T cell derived growth factor; TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.