AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
AGO2	Argonaute2
ADMA	Asymmetric Dimethylarginine
AKAP121	A-kinase anchor protein 121
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
ATP5A1	ATP synthase F1 subunit alpha
ADP	Adenosine diphosphate
AKT	Protein kinase B
BNIP3	BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3
BDH1	3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1
BRD4	Bromodomain protein 4
CVD	Cardiovascular disease
COX5b	Cytochrome C oxidase subunit 5B
CD36	Cluster of differentiation 36
CDK1	Cyclin-dependent kinases
CYTB	Cytochrome b
DCM	Diabetic cardiomyopathy
Drp1	Dynamin-related protein 1
ERα	Estrogen receptor α
EndMT	Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition
Empa	Empagliflozin
eNOS	Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
ETC	Electron transport chain
FIS1	Fission1
FGF21	Fibroblast growth factor 21
FUNDC1	FUN14 domain containing 1
FOXO3	Forkhead box O3
GTPase	GTP hydrolysis
GCLC	Glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit
GABARAP	Gamma–aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein
GPX4	Glutathione Peroxidase 4
GRP78	Glucose-regulated protein78kD
GSH	Glutathione
GLP-1RAs	GLP-1 receptor agonists
GTP	Guanosine triphosphate
HF	Heart failure
HFpEF	Heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
HFrEF	Heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
HO-1	Heme oxygenase-1
IMM	Inner mitochondrial membrane
IDH2	Isocitrate dehydrogenase
LCAD	Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
LC3	Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
LIR	LC3 interaction region
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
MACE	Major adverse cardiovascular events
MDA	Malondialdehyde
MICU1	Mitochondrial calcium uptake 1
MCU	Mitochondrial calcium uniporter
MR	Mineralocorticoid receptor
MRA	Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists
MMP	Mitochondrial membrane potential
MFN1	Mitofusin 1
MFF	Mitochondrial fission factor
MiD51	Mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 51 kDa
MiD49	Mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 49 kDa
MTFP1	Mitochondrial fission process 1
MFN2	Mitofusin 2
MDVs	Mitochondria-derived vesicles
MnSOD	Mn superoxide dismutase
NHE-1	Sodium–hydrogen exchanger 1
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing
NIX	NIP3-like protein X
NO	Nitric oxide
NMCMs	Neonatal Mouse Cardiac Myocytes
NRCMs	Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes
NRVCs	Neonatal Rat Ventricular Cardiomyocytes
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NRF-1	Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1
NRF-2	Nuclear Factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2
NF-κB	Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
Nox4	NADPH oxidase 4
NGR1	Notoginsenoside R1
OPA1	Optic Atrophy 1
OMM	Outer mitochondrial membrane
OMA1	Overlapping with the M-AAA protease 1 homolog
OXCT1	3-Oxoacid CoA-Transferase 1
PPA2	Pyrophosphatase phosphatase 2A
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PINK1	PTEN-induced putative kinase 1
Parkin	E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase parkin
PGC-1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
PPAR-γ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SLMAP	Sarcolemma-associated protein
SIRT1	Sirtuin 1
SMEM	Small MTFP1-enriched mitochondria
SGLT2	Sodium–glucose co-transporter 2
SGLT2i	Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors
SP1	Specificity Protein 1
SIRT3	Sirtuin 3
SOD	Super Oxide Dimutese
TZD	Thiazolidinedione
TFAM	Mitochondrial transcription factor A
TCA	Tricarboxylic acid
T2DM	Type 2 diabetes mellitus
T1DM	Type 1 diabetes mellitus
TRPV1	Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1
UCP2	Uncoupling Protein 2
XBP1s	X-box binding protein-1