| Abs. | antibodies |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CGR | C-peptide to glucose ratio |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| DKA | diabetic ketoacidosis |
| eGFR | estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| GAD-A | glutamate acid decarboxylase autoantibodies |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| HbA1c | glycated hemoglobin |
| IA-2-A | tyrosine phosphatase autoantibodies |
| IA-A | insulin autoantibodies |
| IC-A | islet cell antibodies |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| KAGes | Steiermärkische Krankenanstaltengesellschaft |
| LDL-C | low-density lipoprotein |
| SE | standard error |
| SPSS | Statistical Package for the Social Sciences |
| T1D | type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| ZnT8-A | zinc-transporter isoform 8 autoantibodies |