The ACTA2	Actin Alpha 2 (Smooth Muscle) gene (α-smooth muscle actin marker)
Arg-1	Arginase-1
AV	Atrioventricular valves
BAV	Bicuspid Aortic Valve
BHV	Bioprosthetic Heart Valve
BPM	Beats Per Minute
BP	Bisphosphonate
CC BY	Creative Commons Attribution license
CD86	Cluster of Differentiation 86
CD206	Cluster of Differentiation 206
ChsMA	Chitosan Methacryloyl (or Chitosan Methacrylate)
CNP	C-type Natriuretic Peptide
COL-I	Collagen Type I
COL-III	Collagen Type III
CS	Chondroitin Sulphate
Cu	Copper ions
CY-09	CY-09 (NLRP3 inhibitor)
DAV	Decellularized Aortic Valve
DAVs	Decellularized Aortic Valves
DAPI	4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
DPP	Decellularized Porcine Pericardium
DPHV	Decellularized Porcine Heart Valve
DPVs	Decellularized Porcine Valves
DTEHV	Decellularized Tissue-Engineered Heart Valve
ECM	Extracellular Matrix
EPC	Endothelial Progenitor Cell(s)
FEA	Finite Element Analysis
FGF-2	Fibroblast Growth Factor 2
FRJS	Focused Rotary Jet Spinning
GAG	Glycosaminoglycans
GDF11	Growth Differentiation Factor 11
GelMA	Gelatin Methacrylate
GenAI	Generative Artificial Intelligence
HA	Hyaluronic Acid
HUVECs	Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
iMSCs	induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
iNOS	inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
iPSC	induced Pluripotent Stem Cell(s)
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
M1	Pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype (M1-like)
M2	Reparative/pro-regenerative macrophage phenotype (M2-like)
MCP-1	Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1
MEW	Melt Electrowriting
MMPs	Matrix Metalloproteinases
MRI	Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MSCs	Mesenchymal Stem Cells
MSNs	Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
MSNPs	Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
MVP	Mitral Valve Prolapse
N/A	Not Applicable/Not Available
NiTi	Nitinol (Nickel–Titanium alloy)
NLRP3	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
NO	Nitric Oxide
P4HB	Poly(4-hydroxybutyrate)
PCL	Poly(ε-caprolactone)
PEGDA	Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate
PET	Polyethylene terephthalate
PGA	Polyglycolic Acid
PGS	Poly(glycerol sebacate)
PHV	Polymeric Heart Valve
PIV	Particle Image Velocimetry
PLA	Polylactic Acid
PLCL	Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)
PLLA	Poly-L-lactic Acid
PTEN	Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog
PU	Polyurethane
PVA	Polyvinyl Alcohol
REDV	Arginine–Glutamic acid–Aspartic acid–Valine peptide sequence
RGD	Arginine–Glycine–Aspartic acid peptide motif
ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
RSS	Reynolds Shear Stress
RVOT	Right Ventricular Outflow Tract
SDF-1α	Stromal cell-Derived Factor 1 alpha
SEM	Scanning Electron Microscopy
SF-PBA	Silk Fibroin–Phenylboronic Acid
siRNA	Small interfering RNA
SLs	Semilunar valves
SVs	Semilunar valves
SVD	Structural Valve Deterioration
TE	Tissue Engineering
TEHV	Tissue-Engineered Heart Valve
TEHVs	Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves
TGF-β	Transforming Growth Factor beta
TIMP	Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase
TIMPs	Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases
TKE	Turbulent Kinetic Energy
TPA-PVA	TPA–PVA hydrogel
UHMWPE	Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
VE-cadherin	Vascular Endothelial cadherin
VECs	Valve Endothelial Cells
VEGF	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
VHD	Valvular Heart Disease
VICs	Valvular Interstitial Cells
VSS	Wall Shear Stress