| 5-ASA | 5-Aminosalicylic Acid |
| 5-HT | 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) |
| ADL | Activities of Daily Living |
| AGA | American Gastroenterological Association |
| CDI | Clostridioides difficile Infection |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| DKA | Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
| GERD | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| H2RAs | H2-Receptor Antagonists |
| HHS | Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State |
| HPA | Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (Axis) |
| IBS | Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| ICU | Intensive Care Unit |
| IL-1β | Interleukin-1 Beta |
| IV | Intravenous |
| MeSH | Medical Subject Headings |
| NPO | Nil Per Os (Nothing by Mouth) |
| NSAIDs | Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs |
| PPIs | Proton Pump Inhibitors |
| SBO | Small Bowel Obstruction |
| SIBO | Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth |
| SMA | Superior Mesenteric Artery |
| TBI | Traumatic Brain Injury |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha |