AD HAM	Air-dried human amnion
ADSCs	Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
AECs	Amniotic epithelial cells
AM	Amnion
AME	Amnion extract
AMSCs	Amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells
BMI	Body mass index
BMSCs	Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
COL-I	Type I collagen
COL-II	Type II collagen
COL1A1	Collagen type I alpha 1 chain
COL9A2	Collagen type IX alpha 2 chain
COMP	Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
CRTL1	Cartilage link protein 1
CSPG2	Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 2
dECM	decellularized ECM
DHB	Denuded HAM basement side
DHS	Denuded HAM stromal side
DMB	Demineralized bone
ECM	Extracellular matrix
FD HAM	Freeze-dried human amniotic membranes
FGF	Fibroblast growth factor
GAG	Glycosaminoglycan
GPHAM	Glycerol-preserved intact human amniotic membranes
hAECs	Human amniotic epithelial cells
HAF	Human amniotic fluid
HAAM	Human acellular amniotic membrane
HAM	Human amnion (human amniotic membranes)
hAMSCs	Human amniotic MSCs
hBMSCs	Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
HBV	Hepatitis B virus
HCV	Hepatitis C virus
HIV	Human immunodeficiency virus
HSAM	Hypothermically stored amniotic membrane
ICRS	International Cartilage Repair Society
IHC	Immunohistochemistry
IHE	Intact HAM epithelial side
JCFs	Juvenile cartilage fragments
KOOS	Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score
MIA	Melanoma Inhibitor Activity
MINORS	Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Study
MOCART	Modified Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
MSCs	Mesenchymal stem cells
NR	Not reported
NA	Not applicable
OA	Osteoarthritis
OHAT	Office of Health and Translation
PMSCs	Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells
PRISMA	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
PRF	Platelet rich fibrin
PROSPERO	Prospective register of Systematic Review
PRP	Platelet-rich plasma
QoL	Quality of Life
rBMSCs	Rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
RCTs	Randomized controlled trials
SO	Safranin-O
SOX9	SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box 9
TB	Toluidine blue
TEAEs	Treatment-emergent adverse events
UMSCs	Umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells
VAS	Visual Analogue Scale