| BCG | Bacillus Calmette–Guérin |
| BRS | BCG response subtype |
| CAFs | Cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| CIS | Carcinoma in situ |
| CNN | Convolutional neural network |
| CNS | Cellular neighborhoods |
| EAU | European Association of Urology |
| FFPE | Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded |
| FDR | False discovery rate |
| H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin |
| HL | Hodges-Lehmann |
| HR | Hazard ratio |
| ICTC | Immune cell cluster located within the tumor compartment |
| IHC | Immunohistochemistry |
| II index | Immune composition within the immune compartment |
| IMC | Imaging mass cytometry |
| IMC-GA-MIL | IMC-specific gated attention multiple instance learning |
| IT index | Immune/stromal abundance relative to tumor cells |
| kNN | k-nearest neighbors |
| LVI | Lymphovascular invasion |
| MIBC | Muscle-invasive bladder cancer |
| NK cells | Natural killer cells |
| NMIBC | Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer |
| PFS | Progression-free survival |
| RFS | Recurrence-free survival |
| ResNet | Residual neural network |
| SCs | Spatial contexts |
| TMA | Tissue microarray |
| TME | Tumor microenvironment |
| TT index | Tumor phenotypic composition |
| Treg | Regulatory T cell |