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. 2026 Feb 26;12(3):193. doi: 10.3390/gels12030193
ADSCs Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Ag-TNT Silver Titanate Nanotubes
APS Astragalus Polysaccharides
bFGF Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
CB-nHA Cuttlebone-derived Nanohydroxyapatite
CMC Carboxymethyl Chitosan
CPUD Chitosan/Polydopamine-Coated Polyurethane
CS Chitosan
CS/AA Chitosan/Amino Acid
CS/β-GP Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate
CS/β-GP/Gel Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/gelatin
CS/Gel Chitosan/gelatin
CS/Glu/β-GP Chitosan/L-glutamic acid/β-glycerophosphate
CS/Lys/β-GP Chitosan/L-lysine/β-glycerophosphate
CSCPs Chitosan/Collagen/Polycaprolactone Hydrogel Films
CV17 Danzhong Acupoint (Conception Vessel 17)
DJD Degenerative Joint Disease
DXM Dexamethasone
EDC&NHS 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-Hydroxysuccinimide
G′ Storage Modulus
G″ Loss Modulus
Gel Gelatin
GV-1 Houhai Acupoint (Conception Vessel 1)
GV10 Lingtai Acupoint (Governor Vessel 10)
GV20 Baihui Acupoint (Governor Vessel 20)
HA Hyaluronic Acid
HBC Hydroxybutyl Chitosan
HC-EA Hollow Acupuncture Needle
HPMC Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
hPL Human Platelet Lysate
IC50 Half-Maximal Inhibitory Concentration
IL-1β Interleukin-1β
IL-1Ra Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist
IL-6 Interleukin-6
JAK-STAT Janus Kinase–Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription
KCG κ-carrageenan/chitosan/gelatin
KCl Potassium Chloride
LAP Laponite
MIC Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
MC Methylcellulose
MSCs Mesenchymal Stem Cells
MLT-Gel Melittin-loaded Thermosensitive Hydrogel
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NSAIDs Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
OCLAVs Oligo-conjugated Linoleic Acid Vesicles
PBA NPs Poly (betulinic acid) Nanoparticles
PD Parkinson’s Disease
PDGF-BB Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB
PMAA Poly (methacrylic acid)
PCL Polycaprolactone
PLGA Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)
p38MAPK p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
Pyro-CG Pyrrogallol-loaded Chitosan-Gelatin Hydrogel
QCS Quaternized Chitosan
QTG Quaternized chitosan/tannic acid/gelatin
RA Rheumatoid Arthritis
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
RCTs Randomized Controlled Trials
SDF-1 Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1
ST18 Rugen Acupoint (Stomach Meridian 18)
ST36 Housanli Acupoint (Stomach Meridian 36)
TGF-β1 Transforming Growth Factor-β1
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor-α
TNZ Tinidazole
TCVM Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine
TRPV1 Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1
WHR Waist–Hip Ratio
BMI Body Mass Index
BL23 Shenshu Acupoint (Bladder Meridian 23)
GB34 Yanglingquan Acupoint (Gallbladder Meridian 34)