| NTM | Non-tuberculous mycobacteria |
| LTBI | Latent tuberculosis infection |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| MAP | Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis |
| RA | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| T1DM | Type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| SLE | Systemic lupus erythematous |
| MS | Multiple sclerosis |
| CD | Crohn’s disease |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor- α |
| DMARDs | Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs |
| TNFIs | Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors |
| IFN γ | Interferon gamma |
| HSP | Heat shock protein |
| GAD | Glutamic acid decarboxylase |
| IA-2 | Insulinoma-associated protein-2 |
| GABA | γ-amino butyric acid |
| TLRs | Toll-like receptors |
| MGIT | Mycobacterial growth indicator tube |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharides |
| BCG | Bacillus Calmette–Guerin |