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. 2026 Feb 24;12(3):188. doi: 10.3390/gels12030188
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
IL-6 Interleukin-6
w/v weight/volume
w/w weight/weight
PHMB Polyhexamethylene Biguanide
β-GP β-glycerophosphate
DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
XRD X-Ray Diffraction
FESEM Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy
FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
HNF Normal Skin Fibroblast
HDF Human Diabetic Fibroblast