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. 2026 Mar 22;28(3):360. doi: 10.3390/e28030360
Algorithm 1: The proposed NCM-LGDM-FMEA
 1: Determine FM = {FMi, i = 1, 2, …, m}
 2: for each FMi∈FM do
 3:  for each RF∈{O,S,D} do
 4:   Collect heterogeneous evaluation data D = {dk, k = 1, …, n}.
 5:   Filter invalid data by (15), D→D′.
 6:   for each dk∈D′ do
 7:    Convert dk into an NCM d˜k as Section 3.2, D′→D˜.
 8:    Bad data processing on d˜k by (16), D˜→D˜′.
 9:    Outlier processing on d˜k by (17), D˜′→D˜″.
10:    Tolerance limit processing on d˜k by (18), D˜″→D˜‴.
11:   end for
12:   for each d˜k∈D˜‴ do
13:    Calculate the UDk of d˜k by (19).
14:    Calculate the DDk of d˜k by (21).
15:    Calculate the data weight wkdata of d˜k by (22).
16:    Calculate the identity weight wkidentity of ek by (23).
17:    Calculate the comprehensive weight wk of ek by (24).
18:    Calculate the LGDM result by (9) to aggregate d˜k with wk.
19:   end for
20:   Obtain O˜, S˜, and respectively.
21:  end for
22:  Calculate RPN˜i of FMi by (25).
23: end for
24: Prioritize {FMi} by (6) based on their RPNs.