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. 2026 Mar 19;27(6):2788. doi: 10.3390/ijms27062788
AAO-HNS Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
AD Autosomal dominant
ADA Adenosine deaminase
ADD Adducin
ADH/AVP Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone
ASPM Assembly factor for spindle microtubules
AR Autosomal recessive
ARMC9 Armadillo Repeat Containing 9
AQP Aquaporine
AQT Antiquin
BRCA BReast CAncer genes
CAG Cytosine-Adenine-Guanine
CLDN14 Claudin-14
CYP2B6 Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily B member 6
CYP1A1 Cytochrome P450 1A1
COCH Cochlin
COL7A1 Collagen, type VII, alpha 1
COLEC11 Collectin Subfamily Member 11
CTLA4 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
DFNA9 Autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss type 9
DTNA Dystrobrevin Alpha
DPT Dermatopontin
EAONO European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
EH Endolymphatic hydrops
ENG Electronystagmography
ESRRB Estrogen-Related Receptor Beta
FAM136A Family With Sequence Similarity 136 Member A
FANC Fanconi anemia complementation group
FAT4 FAT atypical cadherin 4
FMD Familial Ménière’s disease
GJB2 Gap Junction Protein Beta 2
GPX1 Glutathione peroxidase-1
GUSB Glucuronidase beta
GWAS Genome-wide association studies
HCFC1 Host Cell Factor C1
HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen
HMX2 H6 Family Homeobox 2
HRH4 Histamine Receptor H4
HSPs Heat shock proteins
HSPA1A Heat Shock Protein Family A Member 1A
IFN-γ Interferon-gamma
IL1A Interleukin-1 alpha
IL1B Interleukin-1 beta
KCNE Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily E
KIRs Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors
KNTCI Kinetochore associated 1
LPIN2 Lipin-2
MD Ménière’s disease
MEFV Mediterranean FeVer
MHC Major histocompatibility complex
MICA MHC class I chain-related gene A
MIF Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
NBAS Neuroblastoma Amplified Sequence
NFKB1 Nuclear Factor Kappa B Subunit 1
NK cells Natural Killer cells
NOS Nitric Oxide Synthase
NOX3 NADPH oxidase 3
NTN4 Netrin-4
OVCH1 Ovochymase 1
OTOG Otogelin
OTOP1 Otopetrin 1
PARP-1 Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
PON Paraoxonase 1
PTPN22 Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 22
PRKCB Protein Kinase C Beta
RANTES Regulated upon Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted
RAB27A Member RAS Oncogene Family
RAG2 Recombination Activating Gene 2
ROS Reactive oxygen species
RNF31 RING finger protein 31
SEMA3D Semaphorin 3D
SIK1 Salt-Inducible Kinase 1
SLC6A7 Solute carrier family 6 member 7
SLC26A4 Solute carrier family 26 member 4
SLC26A5 Solute carrier family 26 member 5
SLC8A1 Solute Carrier Family 8 Member A1
SMD Sporadic Ménière’s disease
SNHL Sensorineural hearing loss
SNP Single-nucleotide polymorphism
SOD Superoxide dismutase
TLR3 Toll-like receptor 3
TLR10 Toll-like receptor 10
TMEM55B Transmembrane Protein 55B
TMIE Transmembrane Inner Ear
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor
USH1G Usher syndrome type-1G protein
VUS Variants of uncertain significance
WES Whole exome sequencing
WGS Whole Genome Sequencing
ZNF91 Zinc Finger Protein 91