LIF	lumbar interbody fusion
MIS	minimally invasive
PSF	pedicle screw fixation
PLF	posterolateral fusion
LLIF	lateral lumbar interbody fusion
XLIF	extreme lateral interbody fusion
DLIF	direct lateral interbody fusion
PLIF	posterior lumbar interbody fusion
TLIF	Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
OLIF	oblique lateral interbody fusion
PRISMA	Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
CENTRAL	Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
PROM	patient-reported outcome measures
ASD	adjacent segment disease
MINORS	methodological index for non-randomized studies
RoB-2	Cochrane risk-of-bias tool
RCT	randomized controlled trial
UPS	unilateral pedicle screw
UPSFS	unilateral pedicle screw and facet screw
BPS	bilateral pedicle screw
ARP	advanced recovery protocol
DIAM	device for intervertebral assisted motion
n-HA/PA66	nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide-66
PEEK	polyether etherketone
BMP	Bone morphogenic protein
LOS	length of stay
ODI	Oswestry disability index
VAS	visual analog scale
TK	thoracic kyphosis
SS	sacral slope
PI	pelvic incidence
SL	segmental lordosis
PT	pelvic tilt
LL	lumbar lordosis
SVA	sagittal vertical axis
DH	disk height
FH	foraminal height
CCI	Charlson comorbidity index