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. 2026 Mar 13;19(6):1124. doi: 10.3390/ma19061124
AGU Anhydro glucose unit
ATR-FTIR Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
BfR Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment)
Ca2+ Calcium ion
CEPI Confederation of European Paper Industries
CMC Carboxymethyl cellulose
CNFs Cellulose nanofibrils
CNCs Cellulose nanocrystals
Cobb60 Water absorptiveness measured over 60 s (ISO 535)
DS Degree of substitution
EoL End of life
EU European Union
FCM Food contact material
FCC Food contact chemical
GWP Global warming potential
HEC Hydroxyethyl cellulose
ISO International Organization for Standardization
KIT Grease resistance rating (TAPPI T559)
LCA Life cycle assessment
MOAHs Mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons
MOSHs Mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons
NIAS Non-intentionally added substances
OML Overall migration limit
OTR Oxygen transmission rate
PFAS Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
PLA Polylactide
PPWR Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation
P(V) Pentavalent phosphorus
RH Relative humidity
SML Specific migration limit
TEMPO 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl
TOCNFs TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils
WVTR Water vapor transmission rate
XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy