| MCAO | Middle cerebral artery occlusion |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| BBB | Blood–brain barrier |
| HCAR1 | Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 |
| IgG | Immunoglobulin G |
| ECA | External carotid artery |
| D-LDH | D-lactate dehydrogenase |
| rCBF | Regional cerebral blood flow |
| SD | Standard deviation |
| SEM | Standard error of mean |
| ANOVA | Analysis of variance |