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. 2026 Mar 20;26(6):1957. doi: 10.3390/s26061957
Algorithm 1. Construction of initial parameters
Input: training dataset, clustering parameters K,δ,ς, maximum iteration, density parameter γ, result reference values
Output: reference intervals Ij, representative points within reference intervals IkR, initial belief degrees βl,k
Procedure:
1: Load training dataset
2: Extract dataset, antecedent attributes values and result values

3: ▷ FCM-based reference interval partition
4: for each feature f = 1, …, F do
5.  for K = Kmin,…Kmax do
6:     Run FCM on dataset and compute BIC
7:  end for
8:  Select optimal K with minimum BIC
9:  Generate reference intervals
10: end for

11: ▷ DWDS key point selection
12: for each interval ρi of feature do
13:   Compute representative density ρ and distance to center
14:   Select point with maximum score Si=ρi1+Vi
15: end for

16: ▷ Belief degree calculation using GIBM
17: for each training sample do
18:   Compute output membership based on result reference values
19:   Update rule belief degrees using Gaussian activation
20: end for

21: Normalize belief matrix βl,k
22: Extract reference intervals →Ij
23: Extract representative points →IkR
24: return Ij, IkR, βl,k