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. 2026 Mar 21;15(6):972. doi: 10.3390/plants15060972
1H-NMR Proton nuclear magnetic resonance
ACN Acetonitrile
ANOVA Analysis of variance
BF Butanolic fraction
CF ClassyFire
DAD Diode array detector
DDA Data-dependent acquisition
Dparent Direct parent
ESI Electrospray Ionization
ELSD Evaporative light scattering detector
FAHO Fatty acid-rich hexane oil
FAME Fatty acid methyl esters
FBMN Feature-based molecular networking
GC-FID Gas chromatography–flame ionization detection
GC-MS Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
GNPS Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking
HE Hydroethanolic extract
HRMS High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
LC-MS/MS Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
LC-PDA Liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection
SPF Sun Protection Factor
UHPLC Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography
UHR-q-TOF Ultra-High Resolution Quadrupole Time-of-Flight
UVAr UVA ratio
λcrit Critical wavelength